fa Phytochemistry كاربردي Review/Systemtic review <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:115%"><b>Objective:</b> Umbilical hernia is a common condition in neonates and children, caused by incomplete closure of the umbilical ring after birth. Although most cases resolve spontaneously by age two, some persist and require surgical repair. Traditional Iranian Medicine (TIM), with its extensive botanical heritage and temperament-based principles, offers strategies to strengthen the abdominal wall and relieve symptoms. These approaches may serve as complementary, low-risk options before surgery is considered.</span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><b>Methods:</b> This review was based on authoritative TIM sources, including <i>Avicenna&rsquo;s Canon of Medicine</i>, <i>Seyyed Esmaeil Jorjani&rsquo;s Zakhireh Kharazmshahi</i>, <i>Tohfeh Hakim Momen</i>, <i>Makhzan al-Adwiah</i>, and other classical and digital texts. Keywords such as &ldquo;hernia,&rdquo; &ldquo;umbilicus,&rdquo; &ldquo;medicinal plants,&rdquo; and &ldquo;topical treatment&rdquo; were used to retrieve relevant data.</span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><b>Results:</b> The review identified several plants recommended for umbilical hernia management and abdominal muscle strengthening, used topically or orally. These include <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L., <i>Zingiber officinale</i> Roscoe, <i>Piper nigrum</i> L., <i>Cinnamomum verum</i> J. Presl, <i>Malus domestica</i> Borkh., <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i> L., <i>Aloe vera</i> (L.) Burm.f., <i>Ricinus communis</i> L., <i>Daucus carota</i> L., <i>Spinacia oleracea</i> L., <i>Allium cepa</i> L., <i>Brassica oleracea</i> L. var. <i>capitata</i>, <i>Brassica oleracea</i> L. var. <i>italica</i>, <i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> Mill., <i>Boswellia serrata</i> Roxb. ex Colebr., <i>Pimpinella anisum</i> L., <i>Myrtus communis</i> L., <i>Pistacia lentiscus</i> L., <i>Cicer arietinum</i> L., <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L., <i>Coriandrum sativum</i> L., <i>Olea europaea</i> L., and <i>Cynara scolymus</i> L.</span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><b>Conclusion:</b> TIM sources suggest that plants with astringent, anti-inflammatory, and muscle-toning properties may enhance local circulation, reduce bloating, and strengthen abdominal structures. Such remedies could be considered as complementary options prior to surgery. Given the limited empirical and clinical evidence, further studies are needed to standardize formulations and evaluate their safety and efficacy.<br> <img alt="" src="./files/site1/images/copuediting.png" style="width: 586px; height: 265px;" ></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp;</div> Umbilical hernia, Children, Traditional Persian Medicine, Medicinal plants, Topical treatment, Surgery 0 0 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-69&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Rahman Khosravi 10031947532846005828 10031947532846005828 No Assistant Professor of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Hatef Alizade Aghdam alizadehaghdamh@ymail.com 10031947532846005829 0009-0008-2658-5779 Yes Assistant Professor of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran