fa Herbal Drugs پژوهشي Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b>Objective:</b> Anesthesia plays a vital role in therapeutic and surgical interventions and has held a significant place in traditional medicine as well. Due to their calming effects, greater safety profile, and widespread availability, herbal anesthetics have long attracted interest. Identifying medicinal plants with anesthetic properties in traditional medical texts may open new avenues for research in complementary medicine. This review aims to identify and introduce the most important medicinal plants historically employed for anesthetic purposes in Iranian traditional medicine.<br> <b>Methodology:</b> To achieve this objective, a comprehensive search was conducted across reputable databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, using keywords such as &quot;medicinal plants,&quot; &quot;anesthesia,&quot; and &quot;Iranian traditional medicine.&quot;<br> <b>Results:</b> The findings revealed that several plants such as <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> L., <i>Papaver somniferum</i> L., <i>Melissa officinalis</i> L., <i>Valeriana officinalis</i> L., <i>Hyoscyamus niger</i> L., <i>Datura stramonium</i> L., <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, <i>Tilia cordata</i> Mill., <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> L., <i>Mentha piperita</i> L., <i>Ephedra sinica</i> Stapf, <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> (DC.) Stapf, <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench, <i>Allium sativum</i> L., <i>Serenoa repens</i> (Bartram) Small, <i>Boswellia serrata</i> Roxb. ex Colebr., <i>Salix aegyptiaca</i> L., <i>Passiflora incarnata</i> L., <i>Lavandula angustifolia</i> Mill., <i>Matricaria chamomilla</i> L., <i>Ocimum basilicum</i> L., <i>Echium amoenum</i> Fisch. & C.A. Mey., <i>Piper methysticum</i> G. Forst. have been recognized in traditional Iranian sources as possessing anesthetic properties.<br> <b>Conclusion:</b> The study demonstrates that a diverse range of medicinal plants have historically been utilized for inducing anesthesia in Iranian traditional medicine. Further investigation into these plants, particularly regarding their mechanisms of action and active constituents, holds promise for the development of safer and more natural anesthetic agents.</span></span><br> <br> &nbsp;</div> 40 48 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-71&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ali Akbar Nasiri nasiriali7@gmail.com 10031947532846005906 10031947532846005906 Yes Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran