fa Herbal Drugs پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri=""><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Objective: </span></b><i><span new="" roman="" times="">Cannabis sativa</span></i><span new="" roman="" times="">, a member of the Cannabaceae family, has a long history of use in Iranian traditional medicine, particularly for pain relief, alleviating menstrual discomfort, and improving mood disorders. This study aimed to extract and characterize the phytochemical constituents of native <i>C.</i> <i>sativa</i> from Dehloran (Ilam Province) using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analytical techniques.<i> </i></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri=""><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Methods:</span></b><i> </i><span new="" roman="" times="">Plant specimens were collected from Dehloran, located in southern Ilam Province. The aerial parts of the plants were shade-dried and finely powdered. Essential oils were extracted using HS-SPME, and their chemical constituents were analyzed using GC-MS. FT-IR spectroscopy was employed to identify key functional groups.<i> </i>The essential oil extracted from Dehloran <i>C. sativa</i> seeds using HS-SPME was successfully analyzed with GC-MS. </span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri=""><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Results:</span></b><span new="" roman="" times=""> A total of 36 volatile compounds were identified, with &beta;-pinene, trans-caryophyllene, and &alpha;-humulene as the primary constituents. The chemical profile included monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, oxygenated and esterified terpenoids, as well as several non-terpenoid compounds. FT-IR analysis further validated the presence of key functional groups, such as alcohols, esters, carbonyls, and alkanes. These findings collectively emphasize the plant&#39;s richness in bioactive and antioxidant compounds, highlighting its potential as a valuable resource for pharmaceutical applications.<i> </i></span></span></span><br> <span style="line-height:115%"><span calibri=""><b><span new="" roman="" times="">Conclusion:</span></b><i> </i><span new="" roman="" times="">The essential oil of native <i>C. sativa</i> is rich in bioactive and antioxidant constituents, making it a promising candidate for developing medicinal formulations. The findings of this study provide a foundation for identifying pharmacologically relevant compounds in indigenous Iranian cannabis ecotypes and may aid in the advancement of natural therapeutic products.<br> <img alt="" src="./files/site1/images/Copy_editing.png" style="width: 586px; height: 265px;" ></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</span></span> Cannabis sativa, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction, Dehloran ecotype, Iran 0 0 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-72-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mahmoud Bahmani mahmood.bahmani@gmail.com 10031947532846006087 10031947532846006087 No Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam, Iran Mostafa Kazemnezhad 10031947532846006088 10031947532846006088 No Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam, Iran Elahe Karimi elahehkarimi3913@gmail.com 10031947532846006089 10031947532846006089 No Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam, Iran Hori Ghaneialvar ghaneialvar@gmail.com 10031947532846006090 10031947532846006090 Yes Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam, Iran