2026-06-06T09:45:07+04:30 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=14&slc_lang=en&sid=1

14-274 2026-06-06 10.1002

Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Azza Dawoud azzadawoudhussien@gmail.com Mohammed Abdalbagi Objectives: Aloe-emodin is one the of dynamic compounds and has several pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, anticancer, antifungal antidiabetic, and antipsoriatic. It is an important ingredient in several traditional herbal formulations. This study was done for qualitative and quantitative standardization of the Aloe-Emodin compound in Aloe sinkatana plant extract. Methods: TLC (Thin layer chromatography) and UV-visible spectroscopic methods were developed for both qualitative and quantitative standardization of aloe emodine in Aloe sinkatana plant extract. Results: The results indicated that TLC and UV-visible spectroscopic methods are simple, accurate, sensitive, precise, and reproducible. Conclusion: In conclusion, we can say that the TLC and UV-visible spectroscopic methods can be effectively used for standardizing aloe-emodin in various pharmaceutical dosage forms.   Aloe-emodin Aloe sinkatana plant Standardization Thin layer chromatography and UV-visible spectroscopic. 2025 5 01 1 9 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-274-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.3.6

14-241 2026-06-06 10.1002

Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Farhad Behzadi farhad.behzadi.md@gmail.com Yousef Roosta yroosta@gmail.com Objective: Iron deficiency anemia constitutes one of the most prevalent forms of anemia globally, arising from diminished iron stores within the body and a subsequent impairment in hemoglobin production. This condition is frequently associated with symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, and compromised immune function. Conventional treatment and preventive measures primarily focus on dietary adjustments and iron supplementation. This review aims to systematically identify herbal plants with traditional applications in the management of iron deficiency anemia. Methods: To investigate the efficacy of native Iranian herbal plants in the management of iron deficiency anemia, this study commenced with the formulation of a clear research problem and objectives. Subsequently, a comprehensive literature search was conducted utilizing a combination of scientific databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, specialized resources such as reference books and encyclopedias were consulted. The search strategy employed a combination of relevant keywords, including "native Iranian medicinal plants," "Iron deficiency anemia," and "bioactive compounds in medicinal plants. Results: Based on the review, it was identified that herbal plants such as beetroot, mint, garlic, saffron, peppermint, radish, plum, turmeric, hawthorn, and rosemary are traditionally used in Iranian medicine to treat iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: The utilization of herbal plants as natural supplements presents a promising avenue for the management of iron deficiency anemia, with the potential to enhance hemoglobin levels and alleviate associated symptoms. This study explores the potential of leveraging traditional medicine, specifically focusing on identifying and effectively utilizing native Iranian herbal plants, to address this prevalent health condition.   Iron deficiency anaemia Vitamin C Medicinal plants Traditional medicine 2025 5 01 10 15 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-241-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.6

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Azza Dawoud azzadawoudhussien@gmail.com Objective: Aloe sinkatana is a Sudanese medicinal plant that grows naturally in Eastern Sudan in the Red Sea Mountains, mainly in the Sinkat area, where it is popularly used extensively by residents of the region to treat skin diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the toxicity of ethanolic extracts of Aloe sinkatana for topical application via acute dermal toxicity analyses. Methods: Acute dermal toxicity was studied Based on the Economic Co-operation and Development Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals by Appling 2000 mg/kg body weight of plant extract on the shaved area of dorsal skin of rats, only once on the first day of the study. The study period was set at 14 days, and all rats were observed every day for behavioral (salivation, tremors, convulsions, diarrhea, and lethargy) and respiratory alterations, as well as for mortality and changes in their fur, eyes, and mucous membranes. Results: Results showed, there were no poisonous symptoms or mortality throughout the trial period; there were also no changes in the eyes, mucous membranes, skin and fur, behavior patterns, salivation, lethargy, sleep, diarrhea, coma, or tremors. No significant alterations in behavior, skin impacts, respiration, inability to consume food or water, abnormal postural changes, or hair loss were observed in any of the rats. Conclusion: This research presents the first report on the safety of topical application of Aloe sinkatana plant extract, supporting its application in traditional Sudanese medicine in treatment of multiple skin diseases especially for psoriasis. therefore, it has the potential to be developed into a suitable safe and effective pharmaceutical formula used to treat psoriasis. Aloe sinkatana Dermatological studies Extracts Medicinal plant Toxicity 2025 5 01 16 23 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-266-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.3.2

14-233 2026-06-06 10.1002

Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Ali Eishi Oskuie ali.eishi@yahoo.com Sudip Kumar Mandal gotosudip@rediffmail.com Objective: Leukemia is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. It is a group of cancers that typically start in the bone marrow and result in the production of large numbers of abnormal white blood cells. These white blood cells do not fully develop and are referred to as "blasts" or "leukemic cells," also known as blood cancer. Medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine for cancer treatment. The aim of this study is to identify the most important medicinal plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of leukemia. Methodology: This review article was conducted by searching for keywords such as "medicinal plants" and "blood cancer" in databases such as Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Relevant articles were selected for the literature review. Results: Medicinal plants such as Periwinkle (Vinca), Chili, Yew, Mistletoe, Night Jasmine, Vernonia, Methi, Devil's Claw, Snake Root, Marsh Apple, Olive, and Mexican Sunflower have been used in the treatment of leukemia. Conclusion: Medicinal plants are rich in plant antioxidants and possess anti-leukemic properties due to their bioactive compounds.   Cancer Leukemia Medicinal plants Treatment 2025 5 01 24 28 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-233-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.4

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Elnaz Farajzadeh‑Memari‑Tabrizi elnazFarajzadehmemaritabrizi@ymail.com Afsaneh Yousefpour-Dokhanieh a.yousefpour@iaut.ac.ir Marzieh Babashpour-Asl babashpour@iau-ac.ir Objective: Antioxidants, whether produced naturally within the body or obtained from external sources, are crucial in safeguarding health by defending cells from the damage caused by oxidative stress. Phytochemicals, naturally occurring in medicinal plants, possess significant antioxidant properties and are gaining widespread attention for their health benefits. Numerous studies have explored the antioxidant capacities of various plant species. In this study, we investigate the antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts from Capsicum annuum, Hypericum helianthemoides, and Dianthus orientalis Adams. Materials & Methods: The aerial parts of the plants were first dried and finely ground. Methanolic extracts were prepared by combining the plant material with methanol. The total antioxidant capacity of the extracts was then determined using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power [FRAP] assay. The results were measured at a wavelength of 570 nm using an ELISA reader. Results: Our findings revealed that the methanolic extracts of Hypericum helianthemoides, Capsicum annuum, and Dianthus orientalis Adams exhibited maximum total antioxidant capacities of 2.79, 2.48, and 1.96 mmol Fe²⁺/L, respectively. Conclusion: The findings from this study highlight the significant antioxidant capacities of methanolic extracts derived from Capsicum annuum, Hypericum helianthemoides, and Dianthus orientalis Adams. These plants demonstrated strong potential in reducing oxidative stress, a key factor in the prevention of various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Given their substantial antioxidant activity, these plants could be further explored for development into natural therapeutic agents or incorporated into functional foods and nutraceuticals. Additionally, their incorporation into pharmaceutical formulations could provide a natural alternative to synthetic antioxidants, offering fewer side effects and promoting better consumer health. Future research should focus on identifying the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these antioxidant properties and investigating their mechanisms of action in clinical settings.   Antioxidants Medicinal plants Methanolic extracts Capsicum annuum Hypericum helianthemoides Dianthus orientalis Adams 2025 5 01 30 37 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-280-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.3.9

14-262 2026-06-06 10.1002

Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Ahdiyeh Saghabashi Saghabashiahd@yahoo.com Atena Sadeghi Sadeghiatenaa@yahoo.com Mohammad Ghodratie MohammadGhodrati@gmail.com Hosna hatami Hosnatam@gmail.com Seyedeh Faride Alavi Rostami SeyedehAlavir@yahoo.com Mahdi Yazdehi MahdiYazdehii1@yahoo.com Ebrahim Mahmoudi EbrahimMahmoudi55@yahoo.com Saina Najafi Sainanajaf@yahoo.com Zahra Mottaghiyan university.ac55@gmail.com Objective: The genus Satureja [Lamiaceae], commonly referred to as savory, has been traditionally valued for its medicinal properties, particularly its antimicrobial activity. Methodology: Methodology: In this review study, the key words satureja, antimicrobial resistance, antibiotics, carvacrol, thymol, multidrug-resistant were used to search for articles. Databases such as Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, PubMed, Scopus were used for searching. Results: Various species of Satureja are rich in bioactive compounds such as thymol, carvacrol, and terpenoids, which exhibit strong antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. These essential oils primarily act by disrupting bacterial cell membranes, inhibiting biofilm formation, and interfering with bacterial metabolism and DNA replication. This review critically examines the antimicrobial properties of nine Satureja species, focusing on their bioactive compounds, molecular mechanisms, and potential applications. Conclusion: Given the growing challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the therapeutic potential of Satureja is discussed in the context of alternative antimicrobial strategies and industrial applications.   Satureja Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotics Carvacrol Thymol Multidrug-resistant 2025 5 01 39 49 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-262-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.3.1

14-259 2026-06-06 10.1002

Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Naser Khalili dr_nkhalili@yahoo.com Pouya Parsaei Pouyaparsaei@yahoo.com Objective: Cardiac arrhythmia is a medical diagnosis based on an irregular heart rhythm. In patients with cardiac arrhythmia, there is a disruption in the electrical conduction between the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node. Arrhythmia, or irregular heartbeat, refers to issues with the heart’s speed or rhythm. The heartbeat can be too fast, too slow, or irregular. The use of medicinal plants as a natural and complementary approach to managing and preventing cardiac arrhythmias has attracted the attention of many researchers and health professionals. The purpose of this study is to identify medicinal plants used in the management and treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and to explore their potential mechanisms of action. Methods: In this review study, articles were searched using key terms such as "medicinal plants," "Iran," "arrhythmia," and "traditional medicine." Databases such as Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, PubMed, Scopus, as well as traditional medicine texts, were used for the search. Results: Medicinal plants such as yarrow (Achillea millefolium), pear (Pyrus communis), grape (Vitis vinifera), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), beet (Beta vulgaris), almond (Prunus dulcis), sesame (Sesamum indicum), pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo), valerian (Valeriana officinalis), cinnamon (Cinnamomum), hawthorn (Crataegus), sidr (Ziziphus spina-christi), lavender (Lavandula), garlic (Allium sativum), and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) are among the most important medicinal plants traditionally used in Iran to manage cardiac arrhythmias. Conclusion: Studies suggest that the medicinal plants used in traditional Iranian medicine, due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties, can serve as a complementary approach in managing cardiac arrhythmias. Using these plants, particularly in the early stages of arrhythmia and under medical supervision, may help regulate heart rhythm and promote heart health. Further clinical research is necessary to confirm and better understand the mechanisms of action of these plants.   Heart Cardiovascular disease Arrhythmia Medicinal plants Treatment 2025 5 01 50 55 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-259-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.8

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Foroozesh Seydi fseydi@ymail.com Amir Soltanbeigi amir.soltanbeigi@afsu.edu.tr Alireza Pourrahim alirpourrahim2003@gmail.com Reza Asadzadeh drasadzadehr@ymail.com Objective: One of the common diseases among men is prostate problems, which include benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. For centuries, medicinal plants have served as integral components in the management of prostate disorders, providing natural alternatives to conventional therapies. In this regard, using local and ethnobotanical knowledge in a region like Ilam can help to identify effective medicinal plants for these diseases. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying and investigating medicinal plants effective on the prostate in Abdanan city from an ethnobotanical point of view. Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative method and through semi-structured interviews with 25 traditional healers in Abdanan city (Ilam province, western Iran). The collected information included the names of the plants, how to use them, the parts of the plant used and their therapeutic effects on the prostate. Data analysis was done using quantitative analysis and qualitative content. Results: The results showed that 10 types of medicinal plants in Abdanan city are known to be effective on prostate problems. Among the identified plants, we can mention clover, rose hip, chicory, yarrow, stinging nettle, camelthorn, flaxseed, puncture vine, borage, and hollyhock. Clover and rose hip plant with UR (usage report index) equal to 9, RFC (relative frequency of citation) equal to 0.62 and PFU (percentage of frequency of use) equal to 34.6% are the most medicinal plants used for prostate in Abdanan region. Conclusion: The indigenous and ethnobotanical knowledge of Abdanan city shows that medicinal plants can be used as effective therapeutic supplements in the management of prostate problems. The findings suggest a potential for developing herbal-based treatments as complementary approaches.   Ethnobotany Medicinal plants Prostate Water bodies Traditional medicine 2025 5 01 56 68 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-242-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.7

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Fatemeh Hamzeh fhamzeh@ymail.com Damoun Razmjoue d.razmjoue@gmail.com Objective: Insomnia or sleep disorders refer to conditions characterized by insufficient sleep, difficulty falling asleep, or sudden awakenings during the night. These issues can be distressing for some individuals and significantly affect their daily functioning. While various factors contribute to insomnia, scientific research continues to explore the body’s need for sleep and its underlying causes. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of medicinal plants on sleep improvement and the treatment of insomnia. In this research, the mechanisms influencing insomnia and how Iranian medicinal plants impact sleep quality are analyzed and reported. Methodology: For this review, key terms such as medicinal plants, traditional medicine, native Iranian plants, insomnia, and sleep treatment were used. Relevant articles were searched from reputable scientific databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, specialized resources such as reference books, encyclopedias, and online sources were consulted for data collection. All available articles and resources were carefully examined and analyzed to identify medicinal plants used in traditional Iranian medicine to improve sleep. Results: Traditional Iranian medicine offers a range of herbal remedies for sleep improvement and insomnia. Notable plants include saffron, thyme, lavender, pear, sage, rosemary, eucalyptus leaves, mint, ginger, lemon balm, cinnamon, chamomile, passionflower, jujube, hops, violet flower, borage, bitter orange, milk thistle, wild lettuce, green tea, and bitter orange, all of which are part of Iran’s native flora used in traditional treatments. Conclusion: The findings of this review demonstrate that medicinal plants are recognized as natural and safe treatments for insomnia and sleep enhancement. These plants primarily exert their effects by regulating the central nervous system, reducing anxiety and stress, and enhancing melatonin production.   Herbal remedies insomnia traditional medicine sleep treatment anxiety melatonin central nervous system 2025 5 01 70 75 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-267-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.11

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Sahar Keshavarzian keshavarzian.sahar@gmail.com Marzieh Arjmand arjmand.marzieh1400@gmail.com Armita Rezanejad armita.rzn.school@gmail.com Saeideh Kholghi Eshkalak s.kholghi143@gmail.com Objective: The increasing interest in plant electrophysiology stems from the need to understand the complex signaling mechanisms that enable plants to perceive and respond to their environment. The main hypothesis is that changes in soil humidity, light intensity, and temperature will significantly impact plant signaling, whereas exposure to music will have a minimal effect. Methods: To investigate this, geranium plants were subjected to controlled variations in environmental conditions, and their electrophysiological activity was measured using AgCl electrodes and an ECG Arduino kit. Results: The results revealed that increased soil humidity triggered a rapid, short-term spike in electrical signals, indicating a swift response to water availability. Conversely, elevated light intensity resulted in a gradual, long-term increase in electrical activity, reflecting a sustained response to light changes. Additionally, higher temperatures caused a prolonged increase in electrophysiological responses, demonstrating the plants' ability to detect ambient temperature changes. Interestingly, exposure to music, specifically classical music at moderate frequencies, did not significantly alter the plants' electrical activity, suggesting it does not directly affect plant physiology. Conclusion: These findings contribute to our understanding of plant neurobiology and the complex mechanisms through which plants interact with environmental stimuli. The results could have practical applications in optimizing greenhouse conditions and pave the way for future research on how plants perceive and adapt to their environment. Electrophysiology Bioelectricity Geranium Signal Monitoring AgCl electrode 2025 5 01 76 83 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-271-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.3.4

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Akram Shariati shariatiakram2016@gmail.com Roman Lysiuk pharmacognosy.org.ua@ukr.net Objective: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by the accumulation of lipid plaques and other substances on the walls of arteries, which can lead to narrowing and blockage of blood vessels, ultimately resulting in cardiovascular problems. This condition is associated with factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and genetic predispositions. Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in modern societies, necessitating the development of effective treatment and preventive methods. The aim of this review is to examine the most important medicinal plants used in Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of atherosclerosis, and to analyze their mechanisms of action in preventing and treating this disease. Methodology: The present review study utilized keywords such as medicinal plants, traditional medicine, indigenous plants of Iran, and atherosclerosis. The articles were searched through academic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as specialized sources such as reference books, encyclopedias, and online research resources. Results: The medicinal plants identified as being most effective in the treatment of atherosclerosis in Iranian traditional medicine include Equisetum arvense, Citrus limon, Curcuma longa, Rosmarinus officinalis, Allium sativum, Silybum marianum, Cynara scolymus, Crataegus monogyna, Zingiber officinale, Capsicum annuum, Hypericum perforatum, Anethum graveolens, Petroselinum crispum, Salvia officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Brassica oleracea, Apium graveolens, Daucus carota, Lactuca sativa, Spinacia oleracea, Cucurbita pepo, Camellia sinensis, Cichorium intybus, Rhus coriaria, Medicago sativa, Mentha piperita, Linum usitatissimum, Malus domestica, Chelidonium majus, Satureja hortensis, Allium cepa, Portulaca oleracea, Glycine max, and Coriandrum sativum. Conclusion: Medicinal plants in Iranian traditional medicine, with their active compounds that possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering properties, play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. These plants are particularly effective in reducing inflammation, improving vascular function, and preventing the accumulation of lipid plaques, thus contributing to the improvement of atherosclerosis. However, clinical studies and extensive trials are needed to confirm the therapeutic effects and optimal dosages of these plants, enabling their use as complementary therapeutic options in the management of atherosclerosis. Chronic disease cardiovascular atherosclerosis medicinal plants traditional medicine Iran 2025 5 01 84 91 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-261-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.9

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Meisam Karimi mkarimi@ymail.com Shahin Shahbazi Naser Abbasi ilamfarma@gmail.com Objective: As the use of antibiotics continues to rise and resistance to them becomes more widespread, there has been a growing interest in natural treatments that may offer lower resistance and fewer side effects. Methods: This study focused on analyzing the essential oil of Loranthus europaeus Jacq. fruit using various methods, including HS-SPME, GC-MS, FTIR, and HPLC. The antimicrobial effects of the fruit extract were tested against common bacterial pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The fruits of L. europaeus were gathered from the mountains of Ilam, dried, and then used to prepare both essential oil and hydroalcoholic extracts. The chemical composition of these extracts was analyzed through Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: The compound phytol was found to make up 16.25% of the hydroalcoholic extract. The IR spectrum revealed 27 distinct bands, indicating the presence of various chemical compounds with different stretching and bending vibrations. HPLC results identified rutin as the main compound in the hydroalcoholic extract, with a concentration of 223 μg/mL. In terms of antimicrobial activity, the extract exhibited an MIC of 20.62 μg/mL and an MBC of 330 μg/mL, though its effectiveness was lower compared to standard antibiotics like gentamicin and colistin. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that L. europaeus contains a variety of chemical compounds that may have antimicrobial properties. While the antimicrobial activity of the extract was less potent than that of conventional antibiotics, it still shows promise as a natural alternative for combating bacterial infections. These results could pave the way for further research on the potential therapeutic use of medicinal plants in treating bacterial diseases.   Antibacterial Phytochemistry GC-SPME HPLC Rutin Loranthus europaeus Jacq 2025 5 01 93 102 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-270-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.12

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Mahsa Aghaei Mahsa.aghaii74@gmail.com Asma Hosseini Manesh Objective: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a skin disease caused by the Leishmania parasite, prevalent in many tropical and subtropical regions. Current treatment options include various chemical drugs that often come with side effects and limited effectiveness. Recently, there has been growing interest in medicinal plants as alternative treatments for this disease. Due to their natural compounds, medicinal plants may offer effective solutions with minimal side effects. This study aims to review and assess the medicinal plants effective against cutaneous leishmaniasis, providing a comprehensive overview of the identified plants and their active compounds that could be beneficial in treating this condition. Methods: In this review study, keywords such as Leishmania, leishmaniasis, traditional medicine, medicinal plants, and treatment were searched in databases like Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, and Scopus. Irrelevant articles were excluded, and relevant articles were selected for literature review. Results: Based on the findings, several medicinal plants such as Urtica dioica, Ferula assa-foetida, Artemisia absinthium, Allium sativum, Eucalyptus globulus, Achillea millefolium, Lavandula angustifolia, Myrtus communis, Satureja Khuzestanica, Onosma dichroanthum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Quercus spp., Cassia spp., Capparis spinosa, Linum usitatissimum, Ricinus communis, Juglans regia, Thymus vulgaris, Lawsonia inermis, Mimosa pudica, Aloe vera, Vigna mungo, Berberis vulgaris, Matricaria chamomilla, and Curcuma longa are identified as effective for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis. The families Asteraceae and Lamiaceae, with a frequency of 16%, have the highest representation among the samples, indicating their significance. Other families account for smaller percentages of the overall data. The natural compounds in medicinal plants play a vital role in boosting the immune system, reducing inflammation, and inhibiting parasite growth. These compounds, with antioxidant properties, apoptosis induction in parasites, and anti-inflammatory effects, help cleanse the digestive system and improve general body health. Conclusion: This study indicates that various medicinal plants, particularly from the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families, could serve as effective treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis. The natural compounds in these plants significantly enhance immune function, reduce inflammation, and inhibit parasite growth, leading to notable improvements in general health and disease control. Hence, further research is necessary to identify and utilize these plants in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Parasite Leishmania Cutaneus Leishmaniasis Medicinal plants Lesion Treatment 2025 5 01 104 110 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-263-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.10

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Navid Etemadi Navidetemadi74@gmail.com Seyyed Meysam Abtahi Froushani fearoushani@ymail.com Akram Zangeneh azangeneh@ymail.com Mohammad Mehdi Zangeneh mmzangeneh@ymail.com Ali Pirnejad-Talatapeh Ghobad Abangah ilamfarma@gmail.com Siavosh Kaki Sahne kakisahne@ymail.com Shahin Ehteshamfar shehteshamfar@ymail.com Objectives: One of the application areas of nanobiotechnology is the use of silver nanoparticles (Nanosilver particles) for a new solution in medical treatments. In the present study, we investigate the effect of nano silver particles of the aqueous extract of Artemisia aucheri on skin wound healing among male rats. Material and Methods: After creating wounds in 48 rats, they were randomly divided into 6 groups. treatment with 0.2% AgNPs ointment, treatment with 0.2% AgSO4 ointment, treatment with 0.2% A. aucheri ointment, treatment with 3% tetracycline ointment, treatment with Eucerin basal ointment, and untreated control. The tested groups were treated for ten days. Results: Treatment with AgNPs ointment significantly increased the amount of vascular contraction, hexose amine and hydroxyproline, and fibrocyte and fibrocyte to fibroblast ratio. Also, in the mentioned group, the wound area and the total number of cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes decreased significantly compared to other groups.  Conclusion: The nano silver particles of the aqueous extract of A. aucheri accelerate the healing process of skin wounds and reduce the time required for complete wound healing.   Gastric ulcer Ethanol A. dracunculus (AgNP) 2025 5 01 111 118 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-202-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.1

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Plant Biotechnology Persa pbp 2676-7414 2676-7414 10.61882/pbp 2025 7 2 Ali Zolfigol dr.alizolfi@gmail.com Zohre Eftekhari z_eftekhari@pasteur.ac.ir Cichorium intybus, commonly known as chicory, is a medicinal herb with a long history of use in traditional Iranian medicine. Among its numerous therapeutic properties, chicory is particularly noted for its hepatoprotective effects, which may offer valuable support in the management of neonatal jaundice. Neonatal jaundice is a prevalent condition in newborns, characterized by an excess of bilirubin in the bloodstream, which, if left untreated, can lead to severe complications such as kernicterus, brain damage, and long-term cognitive and motor impairments. The active constituents of chicory, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and inulin, are known for their potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. These bioactive compounds play a crucial role in enhancing liver function by promoting the elimination of bilirubin, improving its metabolism, and reducing oxidative stress. Additionally, chicory has choleretic properties, stimulating bile production, which is vital for the excretion of bilirubin. Although preclinical studies have shown promising results, it is essential to conduct more rigorous clinical trials to establish the most effective dosage, safety profile, and therapeutic potential of chicory for neonatal jaundice. Further research will be pivotal in determining its role as a complementary treatment option in managing this common yet serious neonatal condition.   Infants Jaundice Bilirubin Herbal therapy Traditional medicine Remedy 2025 5 01 119 121 http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-229-en.pdf 10.61186/pbp.7.2.2