Volume 7, Issue 4 (10-2025)
pbp 2025, 7(4): 74-88 |
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Karuppiah Pillai M, Sibongalitsemba Simiselweyinkhosi N, Thwala J M. Antioxidant Potential of Extracts from Grewia bicolor - A Traditional Swazi Medicinal Plant. pbp 2025; 7 (4) :74-88
URL: http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-322-en.html
URL: http://pbp.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-322-en.html
Manoharan Karuppiah Pillai1 
, Ndzinisa Sibongalitsemba Simiselweyinkhosi2 , Justice Mandlenkhosi Thwala *3
, Ndzinisa Sibongalitsemba Simiselweyinkhosi2 , Justice Mandlenkhosi Thwala *3
1- Senior Lecturer (Organic Chemistry)Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Eswatini,
2- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, M201, The Kingdom of Eswatini, Southern Africa
3- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, M201, The Kingdom of Eswatini, Southern Africa ,jmthwala@uniswa.sz
2- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, M201, The Kingdom of Eswatini, Southern Africa
3- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Engineering, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Private Bag 4, Kwaluseni, M201, The Kingdom of Eswatini, Southern Africa ,
Abstract: (425 Views)
Objective: Grewia bicolor, a plant from the Malvaceae family traditionally used in Swazi ethnomedicine, is reported to exhibit various therapeutic activities, which may be linked to its antioxidant potential. Although G. bicolor is widely used in ethnomedicine, the antioxidant potential of various extracts obtained from this plant has not been explored well, particularly the species collected in the Kingdom of Eswatini. It is this research gap prompted us to evaluate the antioxidant activity of this plant by determining IC50 values, total phenolic contents (TPCs) and total flavonoid contents (TFCs).
Methods: Maceration technique was used first and then hot solvent extraction technique was used subsequently to obtain various solvent extracts from the leaves and stem-bark. DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to assess the antioxidant potential and determine the IC50 values. Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminium chloride colorimetric method were used to determine the TPCs and TFCs, respectively.
Results: The percentage of DPPH radical scavenged by various extracts from the leaves, stem-bark and the positive control (ascorbic acid) were determined at a concentration range of 200-3000 µg/mL. The pentane and ethyl acetate extracts from leaves showed relatively higher scavenging potential among the leaf extracts. Similarly, the dichloromethane and acetone extract from stem-bark showed relatively higher scavenging potential among the stem-bark extracts. In general, the stem-bark extracts showed slightly higher scavenging potential compared to leaf extracts. However, all extracts from the leaves and stem-bark showed relatively lower scavenging activity compared to the positive control. The IC50 values of leaves and stem-bark extracts were 457.78-2425.37µg/mL and 649.29-1869.62µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 value of the positive control was <200 µg/mL. The acetone extracts from both leaves and stem-bark showed lower IC50 values compared to other extracts. The TPCs of leaves and stem-bark extracts were 0.850-9.728 and 0.813-12.259 mg GAE/g DW, respectively. The TFCs of leaves and stem-bark extracts were 20.211-46.004 and 22.054-42.128 mg QE/g DW, respectively.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated various extracts from the leaves and stem-bark of G. bicolor showed a moderate to significant DPPH radical scavenging potential and possessed a moderate to significant TPCs and TFCs. In general, the TFCs of these extracts were relatively higher than TPCs. These findings support the ethnomedicinal use of G. bicolor and suggest its potential in developing antioxidant-based therapeutics.
Methods: Maceration technique was used first and then hot solvent extraction technique was used subsequently to obtain various solvent extracts from the leaves and stem-bark. DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to assess the antioxidant potential and determine the IC50 values. Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method and aluminium chloride colorimetric method were used to determine the TPCs and TFCs, respectively.
Results: The percentage of DPPH radical scavenged by various extracts from the leaves, stem-bark and the positive control (ascorbic acid) were determined at a concentration range of 200-3000 µg/mL. The pentane and ethyl acetate extracts from leaves showed relatively higher scavenging potential among the leaf extracts. Similarly, the dichloromethane and acetone extract from stem-bark showed relatively higher scavenging potential among the stem-bark extracts. In general, the stem-bark extracts showed slightly higher scavenging potential compared to leaf extracts. However, all extracts from the leaves and stem-bark showed relatively lower scavenging activity compared to the positive control. The IC50 values of leaves and stem-bark extracts were 457.78-2425.37µg/mL and 649.29-1869.62µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 value of the positive control was <200 µg/mL. The acetone extracts from both leaves and stem-bark showed lower IC50 values compared to other extracts. The TPCs of leaves and stem-bark extracts were 0.850-9.728 and 0.813-12.259 mg GAE/g DW, respectively. The TFCs of leaves and stem-bark extracts were 20.211-46.004 and 22.054-42.128 mg QE/g DW, respectively.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated various extracts from the leaves and stem-bark of G. bicolor showed a moderate to significant DPPH radical scavenging potential and possessed a moderate to significant TPCs and TFCs. In general, the TFCs of these extracts were relatively higher than TPCs. These findings support the ethnomedicinal use of G. bicolor and suggest its potential in developing antioxidant-based therapeutics.
Keywords: Grewia bicolor, Malvaceae, antioxidant activity, DPPH radical scavenging assay, IC50 values, total phenolic contents (TPCs)
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Herbal Drugs
Received: 2025/07/9 | Accepted: 2025/07/19 | Published: 2025/12/1
Received: 2025/07/9 | Accepted: 2025/07/19 | Published: 2025/12/1
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