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Rarely optimal environmental conditions of the plant are available, from water, air and nutrients, Water stress often occurs due to lack of soil moisture or other factors may pay organisms to limited survival. The study of plants under these conditions and knowledge of how the plant responds to water stress on the basis of changing life and physiological processes, so this review describes some aspects of the changes caused by water stress in germination, morphological, physiological and productivity composition in higher plants.

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Since enzymes are essential for the ripening of fruit and have a physiological role in that process, in this study, the most significant factors that contribute to the roles of invertase and cellulase in the ripening process were determined. The enzyme invertase is well-known for promoting the breakdown of sucrose into reduced sugars to enhance the quality of fruits. Fruit moisture content isn't always the main factor in determining freshness (ripeness) as well as the efficiency of various hydrolysis enzymes presenting during the last stages of ripening such as invertase and it's thought to play an important part in controlling sugar levels to support all aspects of plant growth. Numerous enzymes are known to have an impact on the fruit's softness. It is known that the cellulase enzyme is active when the cell wall of cells is soft, it aids in the softening and ripening of fruits, which is one of the essential factors that affect the level of quality of dates and the quantity of their consumption. Researchers came to different conclusions about the primary causes of fruit ripening, according to the variety, stage, and chemical structure, so the true causes of enzymes' role in the ripening stage remained unknown. In this study, invertase and cellulase from several species of date palm fruits and an understanding of the ripeness of the fruit were used to identify the physiological mechanisms behind the variations in the pattern of enzyme alterations, The importance of enzymes, and their function in the ripening of the several date palm species were highlighted, the procedure about which, there is still a lot that is unknown.

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 In constructing a liquid enhancer, 300 mM NaCl was primed for 72 hours on sterile MTi2 seeds., after that, deionized water was used as a control, and SA alone (salicylic acid) (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 mM) and only KCl (Potassium chloride) (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mM) were applied. As previously stated, germination parameters were computed. After that, the appropriate ratio of KCl to SA was combined, and its efficacy as a germination activator on the Salt-stressed MTi2 seeds was examined. The data analysis software used was SPSS Windows version 22. To find the significant difference between treatments, data are first subjected to a two-way ANOVA with p≤0.05 confidence level. For purpose of comparing means, DMRT is next applied at a p≤0.05. According to the results, the best concentrations for boosting the germination and early growth of MTi2 seedlings in comparison to the control treatment were found to be 20–30 mM KCl and 0.5–0.75 mM SA. Furthermore, MTi2 seedling germination and early growth were more than 1x higher when the best concentrations of KCl (20-30 mM) and SA (0.5-0.75 mM) were combined. Salicylic acid (SA) and low levels of KCl applied to salt-stressed MTi2 seeds can help reduce the negative effects of salinity stress and enhance the percentage, rate, vigour, length, and biomass of the seedlings that germinate. Conclusion, Salt-stressed MTi2 seeds can benefit from an enhancer that increases germKeywordsination at low concentrations of KCl and SA.

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Objective: It is acknowledged that psoriasis is the most prevalent autoimmune condition brought on by the improper activation of the immune system.
the lack of possible cure and associated severe side effects in allopathic medicines have led to extensive research in natural products with antipsoriatic activity. Bearing in mind this, and based on previous studies conducted at the Medicinal and Aromatic Plant and Traditional Medicine Research Institute (MAPTMRI), in which the activity of the Aloe sinkatan plant was proven as an effective treatment for psoriasis, it was selected to formulate, optimize and evaluate a new emulgel from Aloe sinkatana plant extract used as an anti-psoriatic agent.
Method: The study included a multi-phase process that included the collecting and extraction of plants. Based on pre-formulation studies like solubility and compatibility studies, liquid paraffin, propylene glycol, Tween-20 and Span-20, alcohol, and DEMSO were selected for the forumaltion. The emulgels were designed, formulate and optimized using a 2³ factorial design. Spreadability and viscosity were considered dependent variables, while the quantities of emulsifying agent, gelling agent and, liquid paraffin were chosen as independent formulation variables. Physical appearance and physiochemical parameters like stability, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and percentage medication content were evaluated for the produced formulations.
Results: Regression analysis showed that all three independent variables significantly affected the response variables. The formulation was optimized using a response surface plot using Design Expert software 8.0.7.1. The R² values for the response's viscosity and spreadability were 0.9915 and 0.9761, respectively.
Conclusion: Aloe sinkatana extract was used as an active component in the formulation of the emulgel form. Formula F3 shows good physicochemical characteristics and a higher percent of drug content than other formulations; therefore, it was selected as an optimal formula.

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Objectives: One of the most significant Sudanese medicinal plants is Aloe sinkatana, which has a high pharmacological activity and is historically used to treat psoriasis and other skin conditions. This study aims to evaluate the Aloe sinkatana plant's anti-psoratic properties.
Methods: The Imiquimod-induced psoriasis mice model was used to evaluate to the antipsoriatic effect of the Aloe sinkatana plant; the effects of 0.1% & 0.2% extracts of Aloe sinkatana extract on five groups of mice were used, and compared with the conventional medication Dexamethasone  
Results: The extracts showed a significant and remarkably strong anti-psoriatic effect since the percentage of psoriasis-like symptoms was reduced in groups treated with 0.2% Aloe extract, 0.1% Aloe extract & dexamethasone, was 86%, 84%, and 68%, respectively. Both extract concentrations also improved the psoriatic lesions and decreased the grading of the treated groups' psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scale.
Conclusion: Due to the constant research to develop a safe and effective topical preparation for the treatment of psoriasis, the current study provided an enhanced anti-psoriatic treatment, represented by Aloe sinkatana extract and it may be beneficial in the pharmaceutical formulation of new safe and effective medication for the treatment of psoriasis.